Environmental management of energy from biofuels and biofeedstocks / James G. Speight and Kamel Singh.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Fuels From Biomass; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Growth of Biofuels; 1.2.1 Factors Spurring Growth in the Biofuels Market; 1.2.2 Challenges to the Wide-Scale Use Of Biofuels; 1.2.3 History of Biofuels Programs; 1.2.4 Current Biofuel Production; 1.3 Conventional Biomass Feedstocks; 1.3.1 Fuels from Food Fiber and Feed Crops (1st Generation); 1.4 Challenges to Conventional Feedstocks; 1.5 Fuels from Crop Residues, Wood and Dedicated Energy Crops; 1.5.1 Characteristics of Cellulosic Biomass; 1.5.2 Biomass Residues and Organic Wastes.

1.5.3 Wood Residues1.5.4 Crop Residues; 1.5.5 Energy Crops; 1.5.6 Micro-Algae; 1.6 Technologies for Converting Biomass into Liquid Fuels; 1.6.1 Thermochemical Conversion; 1.6.2 Biochemical Conversion; 1.6.3 Emerging Developments in Conversion Technology; 1.7 The Biorefinery Concept; 1.8 Outlook for Cellulosic Liquid Fuels; 1.9 Biofuels; 1.9.1 Ethanol from Sugars; 1.9.2 Ethanol from Starches; 1.9.3 Fuel Ethanol; 1.9.4 Lipid-Derived Biofuels; References; 2 Environmental Aspects; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions; 2.3 Life Cycle Considerations of Biofuels.

2.3.1 Feedstock Production, Harvest, Processing, Transport2.4 Refining Feedstocks Into Biofuels; 2.4.1 Transport of Feedstocks and Fuel; 2.4.2 Combustion; 2.4.3 Results of Well-to-Wheel Analyses; 2.4.4 Reducing the Climate Impact of Biofuels; 2.5 Impact of Growing Biomass; 2.5.1 Habitat Destruction; 2.5.2 Minimizing Land-Use and Impact on Wildlife; 2.5.3 Impact on Soil Quality; 2.5.4 Impact on Water Resources; 2.5.5 Impact on Air Quality; References; 3 Biofuel Policies; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Regional, National and Local Policies; 3.2.1 Africa; 3.2.2 Asia and the Pacific; 3.2.3 Latin America.

3.2.4 Europe3.2.5 North America; 3.3 International Environmental Instruments; 3.3.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions; 3.3.2 Other Emissions; 3.4 Standards and Certification Schemes; 3.5 International Trade; References; 4 The Biofuel Life Cycle; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Energy Balance and Energy Efficiency of Biofuels; 4.3 Ethanol in SI Engines; 4.4 Ethanol in CI Engines; 4.5 Biodiesel Blends; 4.6 Unblended Biodiesel; 4.7 Other Biofuels; 4.7.1 Vegetable Oil and Animal Fats; 4.7.2 Dimethyl Ether; 4.7.3 Biomass to Liquid; References; 5 Social Aspects; 5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Agricultural and Rural Development5.3 Expanding Markets; 5.4 Creating Employment; 5.5 Subsidies; 5.6 Biofuel Processing; 5.7 Biofuels for Local Use; 5.8 Food Versus Fuel Debate; 5.9 Infrastructure Requirements; 5.10 Transport, Storage and Delivery; 5.11 Government Policies and Regulations; References; 6 The Future of Biofuels; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Next Generation Biofuels; 6.3 Integrated Refining Concepts -- The Biorefinery; 6.3.1 The Biorefinery Concept; 6.3.2 Process Options; 6.3.3 Anaerobic Digestion; 6.3.4 Fermentation and Hydrolysis; 6.3.5 Transesterification.

This is the most comprehensive and thorough volume on the environmental aspects of energy from biofuels and biofeedstocks. Biomass is a renewable resource whose utilization has received great attention due to environmental considerations and the increasing demands of energy worldwide. Since the energy crises of the 1970s, many countries have become interested in biomass as a fuel source to expand the development of domestic and renewable energy sources, reduce the environmental impacts of energy production, provide rural prosperity for its poor farmers, and bolster a flat agricultural sector.